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Articles from the Molekula editorial team
Coverage of chemistry, regulatory updates, methods, supply-chain insight, and product spotlights. New articles published daily.
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Method
Diluting Concentrated Stocks: C1V1 = C2V2 and Serial Dilutions
To dilute concentrated stocks accurately, use the formula C1V1 = C2V2, where C1 and V1 are the initial concentration and volume, and C2 and V2 are the final concentration and volume. For serial dilutions, apply the formula iteratively across multiple steps, ensuring consistent dilution factors. Precision depends on calibrated equipment and correct technique.
Jun 3, 2026 · 4 min read -
Method
Calculating Molarity: Mass, Molecular Weight, Volume and Common Pitfalls
Molarity (mol/L) is calculated using mass (g), molecular weight (g/mol), and volume (L). The formula is M = (mass / MW) / volume. Common errors include incorrect unit conversion, ignoring solute hydration, and inaccurate volume measurement. Always verify units and use calibrated equipment.
Jun 2, 2026 · 4 min read -
Method
CAS Registry Numbers Explained: How to Find the Right One
CAS registry numbers are unique identifiers for chemical substances, essential for accurate sourcing and regulatory compliance. Each number is assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service and consists of up to 10 digits separated by hyphens. Use official databases like CAS SciFinder or Reaxys to verify and locate the correct number for a given compound.
May 28, 2026 · 4 min read