GHS
The Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) is an international standard for classifying hazardous chemicals and communicating their risks through consistent labels and safety data sheets.
What is the GHS?
The Globally Harmonised System (GHS) is a United Nations initiative designed to standardise the classification and labelling of hazardous chemicals worldwide. It ensures that information on chemical hazards is communicated uniformly across borders, improving safety in workplaces, transport, and emergency response.
How does GHS improve chemical safety?
GHS enhances safety by introducing a consistent framework for identifying hazards—such as flammability, toxicity, and environmental impact—using hazard classes, categories, and pictograms. This standardisation reduces confusion, supports better risk assessment, and enables effective communication between manufacturers, suppliers, and users, regardless of country of origin.
What are the key components of GHS?
The GHS comprises three main elements: hazard classification, safety data sheets (SDS), and label elements. SDSs provide detailed information on chemical properties, first-aid measures, handling, and disposal. Labels include signal words (e.g., 'Danger' or 'Warning'), hazard statements, precautionary statements, and pictograms. These components are aligned with international regulations such as REACH (EU), TSCA (USA), and ISO standards, ensuring compatibility across regulatory frameworks.
Related concepts
GHS works in conjunction with other regulatory systems including REACH, TSCA, and ISO 11014. It also complements existing standards like the European Union’s CLP Regulation and the US OSHA Hazard Communication Standard. Compliance with GHS is mandatory in many jurisdictions and is essential for global chemical trade and regulatory compliance.