Aluminium phosphate
Aluminium phosphate (AlPO4) is an inorganic salt of aluminium and phosphoric acid. It usually appears as a white, water-insoluble powder or gel. It is used as an adjuvant in vaccines, as an antacid, and in ceramics, dental cements, refractory binders and catalyst supports. It occurs naturally as the mineral berlinite. It is supplied in technical, laboratory and pharmacopoeial grades with a CoA and SDS.
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Aluminium phosphate
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Aluminium phosphate is an inorganic compound with the formula AlPO4 (CAS 7784-30-7, molar mass approx. 121.95 g/mol). It is practically insoluble in water but dissolves in strong acids and alkalis. It exists in anhydrous form, including berlinite, which is structurally related to quartz. Hydrated and amorphous forms are also available.
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What is aluminium phosphate used for?
In pharmaceuticals and biotechnology, aluminium phosphate gels serve as adjuvants in a number of vaccines. Antigens adsorb onto the particle surface, which enhances the immune response. It is also used as an antacid. Industrial applications include:
- ceramics, glass and dental cements
- refractory binders and coatings
- frameworks for aluminophosphate molecular sieves (AlPOs) and catalyst supports
What should buyers check when specifying a grade?
Requirements depend on the application:
- Vaccines and medicines: pharmacopoeial or GMP-compliant material is required, with documented aluminium content, pH, adsorption capacity and limits for impurities and heavy metals.
- Technical uses: particle size, phase composition and purity are usually the key parameters.
Always request a lot-specific CoA and a current SDS. For larger volumes, confirm regulatory status under REACH or TSCA.
How should aluminium phosphate be handled and stored?
The powder is generally of low acute toxicity. Even so, avoid inhaling dust and follow the GHS classification on the supplier's SDS. Store it dry in a tightly closed container. Gel formulations should not be frozen, as freezing can irreversibly alter particle structure and adsorption properties.
Related concepts
Related materials include aluminium hydroxide (another common vaccine adjuvant) and phosphoric acid. Aluminium dihydrogen phosphate, used in refractory binders, is a separate compound. Aluminophosphate molecular sieves and zeolites are also closely connected. Elemental analysis methods such as ICP-OES are relevant for quality control.
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